Which law relates the speed of fluid flowing out of an opening to the height of fluid above that opening?

The correct choice relates to Torricelli's Law, which describes the speed of fluid flowing out of an opening in a container. Specifically, Torricelli's Law states that the speed (v) of fluid flowing out of an opening under the influence of gravity is proportional to the square root of the height (h) of the fluid above the opening. This relationship results from the principles of energy conservation and gravitational potential energy, indicating that as the height of the fluid decreases, the kinetic energy of the fluid exiting the opening will increase accordingly.

Understanding this law is essential as it applies directly to fluid dynamics and provides insight into how changes in fluid levels affect flow rates. This concept is particularly relevant in various applications, such as engineering systems involving fluid transportation, hydraulics, and pressure measurements.

While Bernoulli's Principle deals with the relationship between pressure, velocity, and elevation in a flowing fluid, it does not specifically relate the speed of fluid flow from an opening to the height of fluid above it in a direct manner like Torricelli's Law. Archimedes's Principle addresses buoyancy and the upward force exerted on a body immersed in a fluid, and Pascal's Law focuses on the transmission of pressure in a confined fluid. Thus,